India vs China: population comparison
Current population of India
1,478,202,939
Live estimate, extrapolated from the latest official figures
- Births today
- 13,338
- Deaths today
- 5,497
- Change today (UTC)
- +7,404
Current population of China
1,403,948,354
Live estimate, extrapolated from the latest official figures
- Births today
- 5,429
- Deaths today
- 6,223
- Change today (UTC)
- −1,361
India has a population of 1,463,865,525 and China has 1,406,585,000 (2025 estimates). India is currently larger by 57,280,525 people — a nearly even match. They rank 1 and 2 in the world respectively.
Their trajectories differ: India grows at +0.89% per year versus −0.17% for China. One population is expanding while the other shrinks — the gap between them widens every year.
The lead has changed hands: India overtook China in 2021, according to the historical series.
Beyond size, the structures differ: India is the younger society (median age 28.8 vs 40.1); India is far more crowded at 484 people per km² against 150.
India vs China population, 1960–2025
Side by side
| Indicator | India | China |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,463,865,525 | 1,406,585,000 |
| Annual growth | +0.89% | −0.17% |
| Yearly change | +12,929,734 | −2,390,000 |
| Density (P/km²) | 484 | 150 |
| Land area (km²) | 2,973,190 | 9,388,210 |
| Median age | 28.8 yrs | 40.1 yrs |
| Fertility rate | 1.96 | 1.01 |
| Life expectancy | 72.2 yrs | 78.0 yrs |
| Urban population | 36% | 66% |
| World share | 17.82% | 17.12% |
| 2050 projection (UN) | 1,679,589,259 | 1,260,289,093 |
Latest World Bank estimates; median age and 2050 projections from UN WPP 2024. Full profiles: India · China
India vs China FAQ
Is India bigger than China by population?
India currently has the larger population: 1,463,865,525 versus 1,406,585,000 (2025 estimates) — a gap of 57.28 million people.
When did India overtake China in population?
India passed China in 2021, based on the countries' official population series.
Which grows faster, India or China?
India currently grows faster: +0.89% per year versus −0.17%.
How do India and China compare in 2050?
UN medium-variant projections put India at 1,679,589,259 and China at 1,260,289,093 in 2050.