Japan vs Thailand: population comparison
Current population of Japan
122,696,542
Live estimate, extrapolated from the latest official figures
- Births today
- 400
- Deaths today
- 935
- Change today (UTC)
- −346
Current population of Thailand
71,566,732
Live estimate, extrapolated from the latest official figures
- Births today
- 331
- Deaths today
- 368
- Change today (UTC)
- −27
Japan has a population of 123,366,734 and Thailand has 71,619,863 (2025 estimates). Japan is currently larger by 51,746,871 people — about 1.7 times Thailand's population. They rank 12 and 20 in the world respectively.
Their trajectories differ: Thailand grows at −0.07% per year versus −0.49% for Japan. At current rates the balance between them keeps shifting.
Beyond size, the structures differ: Thailand is the younger society (median age 40.6 vs 49.8); Japan is far more crowded at 342 people per km² against 140.
Japan vs Thailand population, 1960–2025
Side by side
| Indicator | Japan | Thailand |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 123,366,734 | 71,619,863 |
| Annual growth | −0.49% | −0.07% |
| Yearly change | −608,637 | −48,148 |
| Density (P/km²) | 342 | 140 |
| Land area (km²) | 364,569 | 510,890 |
| Median age | 49.8 yrs | 40.6 yrs |
| Fertility rate | 1.15 | 1.20 |
| Life expectancy | 84.0 yrs | 76.6 yrs |
| Urban population | 92% | 63% |
| World share | 1.50% | 0.87% |
| 2050 projection (UN) | 105,123,167 | 66,382,735 |
Latest World Bank estimates; median age and 2050 projections from UN WPP 2024. Full profiles: Japan · Thailand
Japan vs Thailand FAQ
Is Japan bigger than Thailand by population?
Japan currently has the larger population: 123,366,734 versus 71,619,863 (2025 estimates) — a gap of 51.75 million people.
Which grows faster, Japan or Thailand?
Thailand currently grows faster: −0.07% per year versus −0.49%.
How do Japan and Thailand compare in 2050?
UN medium-variant projections put Japan at 105,123,167 and Thailand at 66,382,735 in 2050.